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Theatre for Early Years or TEY is a blanket term for theatrical events designed for audiences of pre-school children (aged under five or six years of age). TEY is considered to be a sub-category of Theatre for Young Audiences (TYA). TEY is known in the USA as Theatre for the Very Young, or TVY. It has been defined as “professional theatre led by adults performing for an audience of babies from months old to toddlers approximately one and a half to two years old accompanied by a parent or adult companion. Babies usually sit on their caregiver's lap or in a stroller, and watch a play - usually between 30 to 45 minutes long - designed especially for them”.〔Goldfinger, E (2011). Theatre for Babies: a new kind of theatre? In S. Schonmann, ed. ''Key Concepts in Theatre/Drama Education''. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers, pp. 295–299. p.295. ISBN 978-9460913303.〕 In addition, performances for newborns, centring on bonding and attachment, and more participatory productions which invite children to enter the performance area for a time〔Fletcher-Watson, B (2013). ("Child's Play: a postdramatic theatre of paidia for the very young" ), ''Platform'' 7(2), pp.14-31〕 have become common. Even productions aimed at foetuses and expectant mothers have been created.〔(Babies, bumps and lullabies ). Polka Theatre. Retrieved 16 May 2014.〕 == History == TEY arguably emerged in 1978 with the work of two London-based companies, Theatre Kit and Oily Cart. Chris Speyer, founder of radical children’s theatre company Theatre Kit, described the epiphany which led to the earliest experiments in TEY: The move into under fives theatre was prompted by an occasion when we took (wife ) Katherine ()'s niece Annie, then aged three, to see a performance of one of our shows for children. Finding that various aspects of the show frightened Annie, Katherine decided that we should develop a form of theatre tailored to the needs, interests and concentration spans of under fives.〔Speyer, C (2004). Every child has a story to tell if we just listen. The Newcastle Journal. 29 June.〕 Several members of Theatre Kit went on to make Oily Cart's ''Exploding Punch & Judy'' in 1981,〔Brown, M (2012). ''Oily Cart: All Sorts of Theatre for All Sorts of Kids''. Stoke on Trent: Trentham Books. ISBN 978-1858565101.〕 and Oily Cart have gone on to produce at least one show a year for under-fives, although it was not until 2002 that they began making work for the youngest audiences (six months to two years), with ''Jumpin' Beans''. In 1987, the first performance for newborns, Joëlle Rouland’s ''L'oiseau serein'' (Serene Bird'' ), was presented in France,〔Ben Soussan, P; Mignon, P (2008). ''Les bébés vont au théâtre''. Toulouse: Editions Erès. ISBN 978-2749206776.〕 at the same time as Italy’s La Baracca – Testoni Ragazzi began their career with ''Acqua'' ().〔Frabetti, R; Manferrari, M; Marchesi, F; Vassuri, P (2000). ''Il nido e il teatro. Adulto e bambino: un rapporto da soggetto a soggetto''. Bologna: Edizioni Pendragon. ISBN 978-8883420245.〕 La Baracca's founders, Roberto and Valeria Frabetti, were invited by staff at a Bologna ''nido'' () to develop a workshop, and later a performance, for their children aged from 3 months to 5 years.〔Churchill Dower, R (2004). (''International Creative Practice in Early Years Settings'' ). London: Arts Council England.〕 This project, which became ''Acqua'', has a claim to be the first non-English production staged for this age group (specifically, a target age of two to four years). Over the following 25 years, La Baracca has been at the forefront of research and creation of theatre experiences for ever younger audiences, with almost thirty different plays now produced for the under-fives.〔Frabetti, R et al. (2000).〕 Notable theatre companies now producing TEY performances include Windmill Theatre (Australia), Toihaus Theater (Austria), Théâtre de la Guimbarde (Belgium), Teater My (Denmark), Polka Theatre and Theatre-Rites (England), Athénor and Compagnie ACTA (France), HELIOS Theater and Theater o.N. (Germany), Teater Fot (Norway), Teatr Atofri (Poland), Companhia de Música Teatral (Portugal), Ion Creangă (Romania), Starcatchers and Catherine Wheels Theatre Company (Scotland), La Casa Incierta (Spain), Ögonblicksteatern and Unga Klara (Sweden), Imagination Stage, Children's Theatre Company of Minneapolis and Alliance Theatre for the Very Young (USA) and Theatr Iolo (Wales). There are also several organisations and campaigning groups whose influence has been key to the growth of TEY, especially ASSITEJ (the international organisation for the promotion and research of theatre for children and young people),〔van de Water, M (2012). ''Theatre, Youth, and Culture: a Critical and Historical Exploration''. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0230120198.〕 the EU Programme of Culture 2000 Glitterbird Project〔Young, S; Powers, N (2009). (''See theatre: play theatre'' ). Edinburgh: Starcatchers.〕 and the Small Size network.〔Belloli, J (2009). ''Small size - a space to grow''. Bologna: Edizioni Pendragon. ISBN 978-8883427367.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Theatre for Early Years」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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